BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:icalendar-ruby CALSCALE:GREGORIAN BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20240328T164905Z UID:fe223353-1dbd-4761-9880-c144629b9f02 DTSTART:20201203T080000 DTEND:20201204T080000 CLASS:PRIVATE DESCRIPTION:
About Conference PULSUS cordially invites all t he researchers\, academicians\, students and business professionals in the field of STD\, HIV/AIDS from all over the world to &ldquo\;2nd Internatio nal Conference on Sexually Transmitted Diseases&rdquo\; slated on August 2 0-21\, 2020 at Toronto\, Canada which includes prompt keynote presentation s\, Workshops\, Oral talks\, Poster presentations and Exhibitions.
\n\nThe STD 2020 conference will revolve around the theme &ldquo\;Futuristi c Approaches in Clinical Therapies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases&rdquo\ ; thus relaying the latest technologies and innovations relevant to STD re lated fields. The two days meeting is going to be an event to look forward to for its enlightening symposiums &\; workshops from established expe rts of the field\, exceptional keynote sessions directed by the best in th e business. It will also prove to be a brilliant open door for the represe ntatives from Universities and Institutes to cooperate with the world clas s researchers and an outstanding opportunity for businesses keen at expand ing their global market reach.
\n\nSexually Transmitted Diseases (ST Ds) are among the most infectious diseases which is caused by bacterial\, viral and protozoan pathogens and are a major cause for morbidity and mort ality in many developing countries. The prime focus of the event is on the clinical advances in diagnostic methods\, understanding drug resistance a nd mutation mechanism\, cancer associated with STDs. The different treatme nt strategies for STDs mainly focuses on drug development and research suc h as gene editing\, nanotechnology in drug delivery system\, phytochemical s in STDs treatment which provides a better clinical care.This event provi des an excellent opportunity for the young scientists and researchers to e xplore the advancements in the various fields associated with STDs.
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\n\nScientific Sessions Session 1: Typ es of STDs
\n\nSexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infectious d iseases that are transmitted from a person to another through sexual conta ct or blood of an infected person. The pathogens such as bacteria\, virus\ , fungi\, protozoa are responsible for the disease transmission. Bacterial STDs are Syphilis\, Gonorrhea\, Chlamydia\, Chancroid. Viral STDs include HIV/AIDS\, Human papillomavirus\, Hepatitis\, Genital Herpes. Trichomonia sis is a STD caused by parasitic protozoan. Candidiasis is considered to b e an fungal STD which is spread by fungus Candida albicans. Most of the se xually transmitted diseases such as viral STDs have no cure but the diseas e can be controlled with proper treatment while bacterial\, fungal and pro tozoan STDs can be cured with antifungals and antibiotics.
\n\nBacte rial STDs Viral STDs Protozoan STDs Fungal STDs Related Conferences: Inter national Conference On HIV/AIDS\, STDs &\; STIs\, June 18-20\, 2020\, P aris\, France\; 2nd World Conference on STDs\, STIs &\; HIV/AIDS\, May 18-19\, 2020\, Quebec\, Canada\; 2020 STD Prevention Conference\, August 2 7&ndash\;30\, 2020\, Washington\, DC\; International Conference on HIV/AID S\, STD'\;s &\; STI'\;s\, April 23-25\, 2020\, Valencia\, Spain\; 25th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\, March 4-7\ , 2020\, Boston\, United States
\n\nRelated Societies: International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI)\; Canadian Associat ion for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases\; American Medical A ssociation\; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS)\; HIV Prevention Tr ials Network (HPTN)
\n\nSession 2: Evolution of STDs
\n\nThe e volution of the disease pathogens are caused by the selective pressures of the host immune response\, modern drugs\, vaccines or by microbial compet ition. Through evolutionary phase\, a pathogen can become more or less vir ulent. The phylogeny\, epidemiology and origin studies on sexually transmi tted diseases provides valuable data on the genetic transition traits in b oth host and pathogen. The evolutionary study of the disease causing patho gen provides the disease transmission and diversity among the human popula tion. The clinical epidemiology and phylogenetic study paves way for new i nsights for the development of drugs and therapies against the multiple dr ug resistant strains.
\n\nOrigin Phylogenetics Epidemiology Diversit y Related Conferences: 2020 American Conference for the Treatment of HIV\, April 5&ndash\;7\, 2020\, Chicago\, United States\; 7th Asian Conference on Hepatitis and AIDS (ACHA)\, June 09&ndash\; 10\, 2020\, Beijing\, China \; 14th International Workshop on Co-Infection\, HIV &\; Hepatitis\, Ma y 16-18\, 2020\, Seville\, Spain\; 8th Asia Pacific STD and Infectious Dis eases Congress (STD Asia Pacific 2020)\, August 22-23\, 2020\, Tokyo\, Jap an\; Infectious Diseases and STD-AIDS 2020\, April 26-27\, 2020\, Rome\, I taly
\n\nRelated Societies: International Society for Sexually Trans mitted Diseases Research (ISSTDR)\; International Society for Infectious D iseases\; American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association (ASTDA)\; Can adian Public Health Association\; Asian and Pacific Islander Wellness Cent er (A&\;PIWC)
\n\nSession 3: Immunopathogenesis
\n\nThe imm une system helps in elimination of the invading microbial pathogens in the body through a series of defense mechanism. The innate immune response of the body provides first line of defense against the pathogens which is fa st and non-specific response while adaptive immune response is specific an d slow. The study of immunopathogenesis allows us to explore the disease t ransmission process\, pathogen-host interactions\, immune defense against the STD pathogens. This allows us to understand the pathological condition and progression of the disease and also the genetic factors influencing t he immune defense against STD transmission. The genetic factors influence can be used for the development of gene therapies that triggers immune rea ction against the disease causing pathogens in the body.
\n\nDisease Transmission Pathogen-Host Interaction Innate Immune Response Adaptive Im mune Response Genetic Factors Related Conferences: 2nd International Confe rence on Sexually transmitted Diseases\, Infections and AIDS\, October 17- 18\, 2020\, Las Vegas\, USA\; Global Experts Meet on STD-AIDS and Infectio us Diseases\, May 30-31\, 2020\, Auckland\, New Zealand\; 16th European Me eting on HIV &\; Hepatitis: Treatment Strategies &\; Antiviral Drug Resistance\, May 30&ndash\;June 01\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy\; STI &\; HIV 2020 World Congress\, July 14-17\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Canada\; HIV Researc h for Prevention (HIVR4P) 2020\, October 21&ndash\;25\, 2020\, Madrid\, Sp ain
\n\nRelated Societies: Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (C HAVI)\; Centers for AIDS Research (CFAR)\; Division of Acquired Immunodefi ciency Syndrome (DAIDS)\; Division of AIDS Research (DAR)\; American Acade my of HIV Medicine\; American Society of Clinical Oncology
\n\nSessi on 4: Treatment Strategies
\n\nAntibiotics are used for treating the STDs caused by bacteria and protozoa. The bacterial STDs can be cured if the infection is properly diagnosed and treated. Several antibiotic resist ant strains of pathogens have developed which pose a serious threat for he alth of the STD affected individuals. For viral STDs\, there are no comple te cure but progression of the disease can be controlled by antiretroviral therapies which use multiple antiretroviral drugs to decrease the disease proliferation and reduce other opportunistic infections. Gene therapy inv olves gene editing approaches which can provide a better and safer alterna tive to other existing drugs. Novel and emerging treatment strategies can provide a solution for the increasing drug resistance in the pathogens.
\n\nAntibiotic Therapy Antiretroviral Combination Therapy Immunotherap y Gene Therapy Related Conferences: 4th Central and Eastern European Meeti ng on Viral Hepatitis and Co-Infection with HIV\, October 11-12\, 2020\, P rague\, Czech Republic\; International Conference on HIV/AIDS Prevention a nd treatment (ICHAPT-18)\, May 8\, Ottawa\, Canada\; 7th Annual Canadian C onference on HIV/AIDS Research\, April 26th-29th\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Cana da\; Global HIV/AIDS Congress\, August 20-21\, 2020\, Prague\, Czech Repub lic\; 6th International Conference on HIV/AIDS\, STDs and STIs\, October 2 9-30\, 2020\, San Francisco\, USA
\n\nRelated Societies: Association of Nurses in AIDS Care\; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative\; AIDS Cli nical Trials Group (ACTG) Network\; European Society for Immunodeficiencie s\; Indian Association for the Study of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (IAS STD)\; HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN)
\n\nSession 5: STDs Prevent ion
\n\nSTDs are transmitted from a person to another through sexual contact or blood transfusions from an infected person or needle sharing\, or from mother to infant during pregnancy\, labor and breastfeeding. STDs can be prevented through vaccination\, screening and through promoting sa fer sexual behavior\, early health-care seeking behavior\, prevention and care activities. Pregnant women affected with STD must take proper treatme nt to prevent the vertical transmission of STD. Most STDs cannot be cured and leads to infertility\, birth defects in infants\, co-infections\, oppo rtunistic infections and many other health issues.
\n\nEffective Hea lthcare Systems Vaccination Preconception Care Prenatal Care Related Confe rences: 6th STDs\, STIs &\; HIV/AIDS Conferences\, October 29-30 \, 202 0\, Madrid\, Spain\; 8th Infectious Diseases Conferences\, June 07-08\, 20 20\, London\, UK\; 9th Emerging Infectious Diseases Conferences\, 31st Aug ust-1st September 2020\, Zurich\, Switzerland\; International Conference O n HIV/AIDS\, STDs &\; STIs\, June 18-20\, 2020\, Paris\, France\; 2nd W orld Conference on STDs\, STIs &\; HIV/AIDS\, May 18-19\, 2020\, Quebec \, Canada
\n\nRelated Societies: American Sexual Health Association\ ; National Coalition of STD Directors\; Infectious Diseases Society of Ame rica\; European AIDS Clinical Society\; European AIDS Treatment Group (EAT G)
\n\nSession 6: Advanced Diagnostic Tools
\n\nDiagnosis of S TDs are done by serological assays\, amplification techniques\, immunologi cal diagnosis attains a accurate result of the diagnosis. Point-of-care te st enables rapid screening of Syphilis and allows treatment without delay. Nucleic acid amplification testsmonitor the infection trends and helps in the adaptation of treatment protocols. Drug-resistance test provides the provisions for identifying drug resistance in the STDs which aids in overc oming the resistance and provide a better treatment. Further improvements in the diagnosis method can help in rapid and cost-effective method for sc reening of the disease.
\n\nNucleic acid Tests Serological Assays Am plification Techniques Immunological Diagnosis Drug-Resistance Testing Poi nt- of-Care Test Related Conferences: 2020 American Conference for the Tre atment of HIV\, April 5&ndash\;7\, 2020\, Chicago\, United States\; 7th As ian Conference on Hepatitis and AIDS (ACHA)\, June 09&ndash\; 10\, 2020\, Beijing\, China\; 14th International Workshop on Co-Infection\, HIV &\; Hepatitis\, May 16-18\, 2020\, Seville\, Spain\; 8th Asia Pacific STD and Infectious Diseases Congress (STD Asia Pacific 2020)\, August 22-23\, 202 0\, Tokyo\, Japan\; Infectious Diseases and STD-AIDS 2020\, April 26-27\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy
\n\nRelated Societies: International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research (ISSTDR)\; International Society f or Infectious Diseases\; American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Associatio n (ASTDA)\; Canadian Public Health Association\; Asian and Pacific Islande r Wellness Center (A&\;PIWC)
\n\nSession 7: Drug Development and Research
\n\nDrug development and research is the development and in vention of new drugs and improvement of existing drugs. Continuous progres s in drug development and research field is necessary for invention of new drugs and drug targets. Identification of the drug target is the basis of the drug development process\, this can be done through various computati onal approaches. Gene editing technology such as CRISPR seeks to eliminate the latent as well active HIV infection in the human which would be more effective in the treatment of AIDS. Various viral inhibitors such as entry inhibitors\, maturation inhibitors are designed to inhibit the replicatio n of the virus inside the host cell.
\n\nNew Drugs and Drug Targets Integrase Inhibitors Entry Inhibitors Maturation Inhibitors Gene Editing R elated Conferences: 2nd International Conference on Sexually transmitted D iseases\, Infections and AIDS\, October 17-18\, 2020\, Las Vegas\, USA\; G lobal Experts Meet on STD-AIDS and Infectious Diseases\, May 30-31\, 2020\ , Auckland\, New Zealand\; 16th European Meeting on HIV &\; Hepatitis: Treatment Strategies &\; Antiviral Drug Resistance\, May 30&ndash\;June 01\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy\; STI &\; HIV 2020 World Congress\, July 14-1 7\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Canada\; HIV Research for Prevention (HIVR4P) 2020\ , October 21&ndash\;25\, 2020\, Madrid\, Spain
\n\nRelated Societies : Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI)\; Centers for AIDS Resear ch (CFAR)\; Division of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (DAIDS)\; Divis ion of AIDS Research (DAR)\; American Academy of HIV Medicine\; American S ociety of Clinical Oncology
\n\nSession 8: Vaccines Development
\ n\nA highly effective method for controlling infectious diseases is vac cination\, it helps in prevention of high risk health issues. Prophylactic vaccines are those used for prevention while therapeutic vaccines are use d for treatment of the specific disease. Sexually transmitted diseases are spread by pathogens such as bacteria\, virus\, fungi and protozoa. Many v iral STDs doesn'\;t have cure hence preventing the infection through va ccination is a best method. Vaccines are developed for Hepatitis and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and for HIV and Herpes virus vaccines are being developed. Vaccination is the primary solution for eradication of se xually transmitted diseases in human.
\n\nPre-Exposure Prophylaxis P ost-Exposure Prophylaxis Therapeutic Vaccines Advancements in Vaccine Tech nology HIV and Genital herpes Vaccine Development Related Conferences: 4th Central and Eastern European Meeting on Viral Hepatitis and Co-Infection with HIV\, October 11-12\, 2020\, Prague\, Czech Republic\; International Conference on HIV/AIDS Prevention and treatment (ICHAPT-18)\, May 8\, Otta wa\, Canada\; 7th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research\, April 26th-29th\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Canada\; Global HIV/AIDS Congress\, August 20-21\, 2020\, Prague\, Czech Republic\; 6th International Conference on H IV/AIDS\, STDs and STIs\, October 29-30\, 2020\, San Francisco\, USA
\n \nRelated Societies: Association of Nurses in AIDS Care\; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative\; AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Network\; Eur opean Society for Immunodeficiencies\; Indian Association for the Study of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (IASSTD)\; HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN )
\n\nSession 9: Nanotechnology in HIV Treatment
\n\nNanotechn ology is the science and engineering of structures that are 1&ndash\;100 n m in size. Nanomedicine is a branch of medicine which is employed in preve ntive\, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Using nanoparticles\, effecti ve timely release of drugs to the infected areas/organs are possible which improves specificity of drug action. HIV/AIDS patients face a major probl em where the virus resides in latent reservoirs makes it hard to reach for drugs. Nanoparticles has the ability to travel through the body with less interruption which aids in effective release of drugs at HIV virus reserv oirs at the specific target. Therapeutic nanoparticles have higher specifi city for the drug targets which enhances the treatment efficiency and bett er cure for the affected individual.
\n\nDrug Delivery System Drug N anosuspension Therapeutic Nanomaterials Nanoparticle Based Vaccines Relate d Conferences: 6th STDs\, STIs &\; HIV/AIDS Conferences\, October 29-30 \, 2020\, Madrid\, Spain\; 8th Infectious Diseases Conferences\, June 07- 08\, 2020\, London\, UK\; 9th Emerging Infectious Diseases Conferences\, 3 1st August-1st September 2020\, Zurich\, Switzerland\; International Confe rence On HIV/AIDS\, STDs &\; STIs\, June 18-20\, 2020\, Paris\, France\ ; 2nd World Conference on STDs\, STIs &\; HIV/AIDS\, May 18-19\, 2020\, Quebec\, Canada
\n\nRelated Societies: American Sexual Health Assoc iation\; National Coalition of STD Directors\; Infectious Diseases Society of America\; European AIDS Clinical Society\; European AIDS Treatment Gro up (EATG)
\n\nSession 10: Phytochemicals in STDs Treatment
\n\nPlants contain a wide range of substances that are used for treating chro nic as well as acute infectious diseases. Many modern drugs in use have be en developed from the medicinal plants which has been used by indigenous p eople. Phytochemicals are chemicals secreted by plants that have disease p reventive properties that is used by the plants to protect itself from dis eases. Antimicrobial activity of the plant sources can act as a better dru g for the strains that has developed multiple drug resistance to antibioti cs. Many bacterial STDs can be combated using phytochemicals produced by t he medicinal plants. Pharmacological effects of the bio active compounds i n the plants must be explored to produce a cure for the multiple drug resi stant bacterial STDs.
\n\nAntimicrobial Effect of Phytochemicals Phy toconstituents and its Effects on STDs Novel Therapeutic Drugs Multi-Drug Resistance and Phytochemical Drugs Related Conferences: 2020 American Conf erence for the Treatment of HIV\, April 5&ndash\;7\, 2020\, Chicago\, Unit ed States\; 7th Asian Conference on Hepatitis and AIDS (ACHA)\, June 09&nd ash\; 10\, 2020\, Beijing\, China\; 14th International Workshop on Co-Infe ction\, HIV &\; Hepatitis\, May 16-18\, 2020\, Seville\, Spain\; 8th As ia Pacific STD and Infectious Diseases Congress (STD Asia Pacific 2020)\, August 22-23\, 2020\, Tokyo\, Japan\; Infectious Diseases and STD-AIDS 202 0\, April 26-27\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy
\n\nRelated Societies: Interna tional Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research (ISSTDR)\; Inter national Society for Infectious Diseases\; American Sexually Transmitted D iseases Association (ASTDA)\; Canadian Public Health Association\; Asian a nd Pacific Islander Wellness Center (A&\;PIWC)
\n\nSession 11: Dr ug Resistance and Mutation
\n\nThe infectious pathogens mutate under certain circumstances to overcome the pressure inflicted upon them. Such organisms develop resistance to the drug in use. This proves to be a major problem in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Human immunode ficiency virus has developed resistance to the antiretroviral drug provide d. Hence combination antiretroviral therapies are used for treating AIDS w hich involves using two or more antiretroviral drugs together. Several bac terial species has also developed resistance to the antibiotics provided f or the treatment. The mutation of the pathogens has led to development of drug resistance against many antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs.
\n\nNucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Resistance Non-Nucleoside R everse Transcriptase Inhibitors Resistance Protease Inhibitors Resistance Antibiotic Resistance Antiviral Drug Resistance Related Conferences: 2nd I nternational Conference on Sexually transmitted Diseases\, Infections and AIDS\, October 17-18\, 2020\, Las Vegas\, USA\; Global Experts Meet on STD -AIDS and Infectious Diseases\, May 30-31\, 2020\, Auckland\, New Zealand\ ; 16th European Meeting on HIV &\; Hepatitis: Treatment Strategies & \; Antiviral Drug Resistance\, May 30&ndash\;June 01\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy \; STI &\; HIV 2020 World Congress\, July 14-17\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Ca nada\; HIV Research for Prevention (HIVR4P) 2020\, October 21&ndash\;25\, 2020\, Madrid\, Spain
\n\nRelated Societies: Center for HIV/AIDS Vac cine Immunology (CHAVI)\; Centers for AIDS Research (CFAR)\; Division of A cquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (DAIDS)\; Division of AIDS Research (DAR )\; American Academy of HIV Medicine\; HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN)\;
\n\nSession 12: STDs and Cancer
\n\nSexually transmitted dise ase increases the risk of being affected by cancer. Among the STDs which l ead to cancer\, human papillomavirus infection is found to cause cervical cancer in women and penile cancer in men. It is also responsible for the d evelopment of oropharyngeal cancer in both sexes. Untreated STDs has a hig her risk for leading to development of cancer. The progression of cancer i n people affected by STD must be analyzed to understand the causative agen ts of the cancer.
\n\nOropharyngeal Cancer Cervical Cancer Penile Ca ncer Prostate Cancer Related Conferences: 4th Central and Eastern European Meeting on Viral Hepatitis and Co-Infection with HIV\, October 11-12\, 20 20\, Prague\, Czech Republic\; International Conference on HIV/AIDS Preven tion and treatment (ICHAPT-18)\, May 8\, Ottawa\, Canada\; 7th Annual Cana dian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research\, April 26th-29th\, 2020\, Vancouver\ , Canada\; Global HIV/AIDS Congress\, August 20-21\, 2020\, Prague\, Czech Republic\; 6th International Conference on HIV/AIDS\, STDs and STIs\, Oct ober 29-30\, 2020\, San Francisco\, USA
\n\nRelated Societies: Assoc iation of Nurses in AIDS Care\; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative\; AI DS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Network\; European Society for Immunodefic iencies\; Indian Association for the Study of Sexually Transmitted Disease s (IASSTD)\; American Society of Clinical Oncology
\n\nSession 13: C o-Infection of STDs
\n\nGonorrhea\, chlamydia\, and trichomoniasis c ause immune reactions which leads to inflammation that can easily be infec ted with HIV. Co-infection is a condition where a person actively infected with STD is infected with another STD. when a STI infected individual is prone to another infection due to immune compromise they are less able to mount a protective response against sexually transmitted pathogens. Treati ng co-infected individuals can be challenging and the treatment methods mu st be analyzed and modified to their needs.
\n\nHIV and Gonorrhea HI V and Hepatitis HIV and Kidney disease HIV and Tuberculosis Related Confer ences: International Conference On HIV/AIDS\, STDs &\; STIs\, June 18-2 0\, 2020\, Paris\, France\; 2nd World Conference on STDs\, STIs &\; HIV /AIDS\, May 18-19\, 2020\, Quebec\, Canada\; 2020 STD Prevention Conferenc e\, August 27&ndash\;30\, 2020\, Washington\, DC\; International Conferenc e on HIV/AIDS\, STD'\;s &\; STI'\;s\, April 23-25\, 2020\, Valenc ia\, Spain\; 25th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections\ , March 4-7\, 2020\, Boston\, United States
\n\nRelated Societies: I nternational Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI)\; Canad ian Association for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases\; Americ an Medical Association\; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS)\; HIV P revention Trials Network (HPTN)
\n\nSession 14: Infertility and Birt h Defects
\n\nWhen an STD infection is left untreated in women\, it may be lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. Being affected by pelvic infla mmatory disease may lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy in pregnant w omen. When the mother is infected by STD\, the fetus or new born is mostly infected. STDs during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage\, birth defects i ncluding blindness\, deafness\, bone deformities\, and intellectual disabi lity\, stillbirth\, premature birth. In males\, reduced fertility or infer tility is most common side effect of the disease.
\n\nEctopic Pregna ncy Premature Birth Neonatal Sepsis Neurological Defects Related Conferenc es: 2020 American Conference for the Treatment of HIV\, April 5&ndash\;7\, 2020\, Chicago\, United States\; 7th Asian Conference on Hepatitis and AI DS (ACHA)\, June 09&ndash\; 10\, 2020\, Beijing\, China\; 14th Internation al Workshop on Co-Infection\, HIV &\; Hepatitis\, May 16-18\, 2020\, Se ville\, Spain\; 8th Asia Pacific STD and Infectious Diseases Congress (STD Asia Pacific 2020)\, August 22-23\, 2020\, Tokyo\, Japan\; Infectious Dis eases and STD-AIDS 2020\, April 26-27\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy
\n\nRela ted Societies: International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Res earch (ISSTDR)\; International Society for Infectious Diseases\; American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association (ASTDA)\; Canadian Public Health Association\; Asian and Pacific Islander Wellness Center (A&\;PIWC)
\n\nSession 15: Vertical STD Transmission
\n\nVertical STD trans mission is the process of transfer of STD from a mother to infant perinata lly or postnatally. During delivery\, when the baby passes through the inf ected canal\, it can contract the STDs such as chlamydia\, gonorrhea\, gen ital herpes from the infected mother. Syphilis and HIV can be contracted f rom the mother during fetus development. Postnatal transmission of the dis ease is possible through breastfeeding the baby. Vertical STD transmission poses serious threat to the health of the baby.
\n\nPerinatal Trans mission Postnatal Transmission Prevention of STD Transmission Pregnancy Ca re and Treatment Related Conferences: 2nd International Conference on Sexu ally transmitted Diseases\, Infections and AIDS\, October 17-18\, 2020\, L as Vegas\, USA\; Global Experts Meet on STD-AIDS and Infectious Diseases\, May 30-31\, 2020\, Auckland\, New Zealand\; 16th European Meeting on HIV &\; Hepatitis: Treatment Strategies &\; Antiviral Drug Resistance\, May 30&ndash\;June 01\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy\; STI &\; HIV 2020 World Co ngress\, July 14-17\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Canada\; HIV Research for Prevent ion (HIVR4P) 2020\, October 21&ndash\;25\, 2020\, Madrid\, Spain
\n\nRelated Societies: Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI)\; Cente rs for AIDS Research (CFAR)\; Division of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndro me (DAIDS)\; Division of AIDS Research (DAR)\; American Academy of HIV Med icine\; American Society of Clinical Oncology
\n\nSession 16: Paedia tric STDs
\n\nSexually transmitted diseases are an important cause o f morbidity in paediatric patients. The transmission occurs via transplace ntal\, intrapartum\, and postpartum exposure. When an infant contracts dis ease from mother\, it can affect the skin\, eyes\, mouth\, central nervous system\, and can also lead to organ failure. With treatment\, the chances of transmitting HIV from mother to infant is low. Proper awareness\, trea tment and diagnosis is needed to prevent the transmission of STDs among yo ung people.
\n\nClinical Manifestation Early Diagnosis Risk Factors Preventive Measures Related Conferences: 6th STDs\, STIs &\; HIV/AIDS C onferences\, October 29-30 \, 2020\, Madrid\, Spain\; 8th Infectious Disea ses Conferences\, June 07-08\, 2020\, London\, UK\; 9th Emerging Infectiou s Diseases Conferences\, 31st August-1st September 2020\, Zurich\, Switzer land\; International Conference On HIV/AIDS\, STDs &\; STIs\, June 18-2 0\, 2020\, Paris\, France\; 2nd World Conference on STDs\, STIs &\; HIV /AIDS\, May 18-19\, 2020\, Quebec\, Canada
\n\nRelated Societies: Am erican Sexual Health Association\; National Coalition of STD Directors\; I nfectious Diseases Society of America\; European AIDS Clinical Society\; E uropean AIDS Treatment Group (EATG)
\n\nSession 17: Multimorbidities and complications:
\n\nMultimorbidities is the presence of two or m ore chronic diseases at the same time. Super infection or re-infection is the condition where a person with HIV infection acquires infection with th e sub-type of HIV. Re-infection affects the treatment which can deteriorat e the health of the affected individual. The STD affected individual suffe rs from other social and emotional complicationswhich may also have advers e effects in the health of the individual. Multiple morbidities associated with the disease causes more damage to the health as the immune system wo uld be compromised by the STD.
\n\nOpportunistic Infection Superinfe ction/Reinfection Behavioral Complications Social Complications Related Co nferences: 4th Central and Eastern European Meeting on Viral Hepatitis and Co-Infection with HIV\, October 11-12\, 2020\, Prague\, Czech Republic\; International Conference on HIV/AIDS Prevention and treatment (ICHAPT-18)\ , May 8\, Ottawa\, Canada\; 7th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Res earch\, April 26th-29th\, 2020\, Vancouver\, Canada\; Global HIV/AIDS Cong ress\, August 20-21\, 2020\, Prague\, Czech Republic\; 6th International C onference on HIV/AIDS\, STDs and STIs\, October 29-30\, 2020\, San Francis co\, USA
\n\nRelated Societies: Association of Nurses in AIDS Care\; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative\; AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Network\; European Society for Immunodeficiencies\; Indian Association fo r the Study of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (IASSTD)\; HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN)
\n\nSession 18: Public Awareness and Knowledge of ST Ds
\n\nEducational and awareness programs must be conducted to impro ve the public knowledge about the sexually transmitted diseases. People af fected by sexually transmitted diseases have dramatically increased\, mill ions of people are affected by the disease due to lack of awareness. Publi c must be aware about the impact of STDs on the lives of the affected peop le and the importance of preventing\, screening and treating STDs. Poor kn owledge about the STDs lead to increased health issues such as ectopic pre gnancies\, infertility and other complications. It is a major health issue that affects mostly young people\, not only in developing countries but i n developed countries also.
\n\nImpact of STDs STD Screening Risk Aw areness Prevention Education Community Awareness Related Conferences: 2020 American Conference for the Treatment of HIV\, April 5&ndash\;7\, 2020\, Chicago\, United States\; 7th Asian Conference on Hepatitis and AIDS (ACHA )\, June 09&ndash\; 10\, 2020\, Beijing\, China\; 14th International Works hop on Co-Infection\, HIV &\; Hepatitis\, May 16-18\, 2020\, Seville\, Spain\; 8th Asia Pacific STD and Infectious Diseases Congress (STD Asia Pa cific 2020)\, August 22-23\, 2020\, Tokyo\, Japan\; Infectious Diseases an d STD-AIDS 2020\, April 26-27\, 2020\, Rome\, Italy
\n\nRelated Soci eties: International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research (I SSTDR)\; International Society for Infectious Diseases\; American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association (ASTDA)\; Canadian Public Health Associa tion\; Asian and Pacific Islander Wellness Center (A&\;PIWC)
\n\nMarket Analysis Summary:
\n\nSexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) ar e widespread infectious diseases which is transmitted from one person to a nother through sexual contact or blood. This disease is caused by microbia l pathogens such as bacteria\, virus\, fungi and protozoans. The bacterial STDs such as Syphilis\, Gonorrhea\, Chlamydia\, Chancroid are by bacteria and they can be cured with antibiotics. The viral STDs infections cannot be cured but can be kept under control by treatment such as antiretroviral combination therapy. Several viral STDs are HIV/AIDS\, Human papillomavir us\, Hepatitis\, Genital Herpes. Candidiasis caused by Candida albicans is a type of fungal STD which can be treated with antifungals. STDs are tran smitted from a person to another through sexual contact or blood transfusi ons from an infected person or needle sharing\, or from mother to infant d uring pregnancy\, labor and breastfeeding.
\n\nMost STDs cannot be c ured and leads to infertility\, birth defects in infants\, co-infections\, opportunistic infections and many other health issues. To prevent the dis ease transmission proper screening and diagnosis must be done. Different d iagnostic methods are available which provides rapid diagnosis results. Po int-of-care test\, nucleic acid amplification tests\, serological assays\, amplification techniques\, immunological diagnosis are several methods wh ich are in use for screening for STDs. Pre-Exposure vaccination is availab le for hepatitis and human papillomavirus which helps in the prevention of the disease. Vaccination is the primary solution for the eradication of d isease. People affected by sexually transmitted diseases have dramatically increased\, millions of people are affected by the disease due to lack of awareness. Educational and awareness programs must be conducted to improv e the public knowledge about the sexually transmitted diseases.
\n\nScope and Importance:
\n\nSexually transmitted diseases are a global level health issue with ongoing research and development for therapies an d drug for prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. STDs cause serious health complications such as infertility in both men and wo men\, ectopic pregnancy\, pelvic inflammatory disease\, stillbirth\, neuro logic damage\, cancer and high morbidity in adults. There are about 20 mil lion new STD infections each year. As per WHO report in 2020\, about 1.1 b illion people had sexually transmitted diseases other than HIV/AIDS. About 500 million people were infected with either chlamydia\, gonorrhea\, syph ilis or trichomoniasis. At least 250 million women suffering from human pa pillomavirus while 530 million case find with genital herpes. Physicians a nd health-care providers play a key role in prevention and treatment of ST Ds. The worldwide STD diagnostic market was valued at over USD 100.0 billi on in 2020. The advancements in STD diagnostic technologies offers more pr ecise test results which contributes to the rise in the market value of ST D diagnostics industry. Low voluntary screening rate for sexually transmit ted diseases is a major restrain for this market. STDs diagnostic market w as USD 103.20 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach around USD 166.50 b y 2021\, growing at a CAGR of about 8.3% between 2020 and 2021.
\n\nAmong various therapies\, the generally used modern treatment for STDs are antibiotics. The global STD drug market is expected to show constant grow th due to the high prevalence of sexually transmitted disease in recent ye ars. The high health risk associated with the disease increases the need f or diagnosis\, prevention and treatment for the sexually transmitted disea ses. The patient&rsquo\;s willingness to opt for advanced treatment will b oost the global drug market value of the sexually transmitted diseases. Im provement in the health-care worldwide and rising per capita income are th e major components which drives the health-care reform supporting STD diag nostic industry growth. HPV infections constitute 5\,00\,000 cases/year of which 80% are reportedly from developing countries. The rise in incidence of various infections such as syphilis\, chlamydia\, gonorrhea\, human pa pillomavirus\, herpes simplex virus\, chancroid and trichomoniasis is expe cted to increase the demand for drugs globally. Companies playing major ro le in the global sexually transmitted diseases drug market are Pfizer INC\ , Hoffmann La Roche\, Bayer Healthcare\, Eli Lilly\, Johnson &\; Johnso n\, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. AbbVie\, Inc.\, Gilead Sciences\, GlaxoSmithK line Plc\, and Merck &\; Co.\, Inc.
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\n\nWhy Tor onto\, Canada
\n\nCanada and the United States are the economically wealthiest and most developed nations in the continent. Canada is the thir d most populous country with 32\,623\,490. Canada shows remarkable growth in the sectors of services\, mining and manufacturing. Canada'\;s per c apita GDP was estimated at $44\,656 and it had the 11th largest GDP in 202 0. Canada'\;s services sector comprises 78% of the country'\;s GDP i n 2010\, industry comprises 20% and agriculture comprises 2%. It is highly urbanized with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people living in large and medium-sized cities\, many people living near the southern border. The ca pital city of Canada is Ottawa\, and the three largest metropolitan cities in Canada are Toronto\, Montreal\, and Vancouver. With 2\,731\,571 reside nts in 2020\, it is the largest city in Canada and fourth largest city in North America by population. Toronto is a prominent centre for music\, the atre\, motion picture production\, and television production\, and is home to the headquarters of Canada'\;s major national broadcast networks an d media outlets. The city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange\, the head quarters of Canada'\;s five largest banks\, and the headquarters of man y large Canadian and multinational corporations. The global sexually trans mitted diseases drug market is segmented into five regions geographically as North America\, Europe\, Asia Pacific\, Latin America and Middle East a nd Africa. Among them\, North America has leading market value and is esti mated to gain more market shares from other regions by 2025. North America has emerged as the largest shareholder in the global sexually transmitted diseases drug market in 2020. The STD drug market growth of North America is attributed to its well established industries and advanced diagnosis a nd treatment facilities.
\n\nTop Universities associated with STDs R esearch Worldwide:
\n\nNorthwestern University Emory University Harv ard University University of Rochester Medical Center UCL Institute of Epi demiology and Health care University of California Baylor College of Medic ine University of Alabama University of Pennsylvania Beth Israel Medical C enter Newyork University University of Liverpool University of Colorado De nver Imperial College London Top Medical Institutes in Canada:
\n\nM cGill University Dalhousie University McMaster University University of To ronto University of British Columbia University of Montreal University of Alberta University of Calgary University of Ottawa Western University Simo n Fraser University Queen'\;s University
\n\nTRACK CATEGO RIES The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process\, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
\n\nTrack 1 : Types of STD s Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infectious diseases th at are transmitted from a person to another through sexual contact or bloo d of an infected person. The pathogens such as bacteria\, virus\, fungi\, protozoa are responsible for the disease transmission. Bacterial STDs are Syphilis\, Gonorrhoea\, Chlamydia\, Chancroid. Viral STDs include HIV/AIDS \, Human papillomavirus\, Hepatitis\, Genital Herpes. Trichomoniasis is a STD caused by parasitic protozoan. Candidiasis is considered to be a funga l STD which is spread by fungus Candida albicans. Most of the sexually tra nsmitted diseases such as viral STDs have no cure\, but the disease can be controlled with proper treatment while bacterial\, fungal and protozoan S TDs can be cured with antifungals and antibiotics.
\n\nTrack 1-1 Bac terial STDs Track 1-2 Viral STDs Track 1-3 Protozoan STDs Track 1-4Fungal STDs
\n\nTrack 2 : Evolution of STDs
\n\nThe evolution of the disease pathogens is caused by the selective pressures of the host immune response\, modern drugs\, vaccines or by microbial compet ition. Through evolutionary phase\, a pathogen can become virulent. The ph ylogeny\, epidemiology and origin studies on sexually transmitted diseases provides valuable data on the genetic transition traits in both host and pathogen. The evolutionary study of the disease-causing pathogen provides the disease transmission and diversity among the human population. The cli nical epidemiology and phylogenetic study paves way for new insights for t he development of drugs and therapies against the multiple drug resistant strains.
\n\nTrack 2-1 Origin Track 2-2 Phylogenetics Track 2-3 Epid emiology Track 2-4 Diversity
\n\nTrack 3 : Immunopathogenesi s The immune system helps in elimination of the invading microbia l pathogens in the body through a series of defense mechanism. The innate immune response of the body provides first line of defense against the pat hogens which is fast and non-specific response while adaptive immune respo nse is specific and slow. The study of immunopathogenesis allows us to exp lore the disease transmission process\, pathogen-host interactions\, immun e defense against the STD pathogens. This allows us to understand the path ological condition and progression of the disease and the genetic factors influencing the immune defense against STD transmission. The genetic facto rs influence can be used for the development of gene therapies that trigge rs immune reaction against the disease-causing pathogens in the body.
\ n\nTrack 3-1 Disease Transmission Track 3-2 Pathogen-Host Interaction T rack 3-3 Innate Immune Response Track 3-4 Adaptive Immune Response Track 3 -5 Genetic Factors
\n\nTrack 4 : Treatment Strategies Antibiotics are used for treating the STDs caused by bacteria and proto zoa. The bacterial STDs can be cured if the infection is properly diagnose d and treated. Several antibiotic resistant strains of pathogens have deve loped which pose a serious threat for health of the STD affected individua ls. For viral STDs\, there are no complete cure\, but progression of the d isease can be controlled by antiretroviral therapies which use multiple an tiretroviral drugs to decrease the disease proliferation and reduce other opportunistic infections. Gene therapy involves gene editing approaches wh ich can provide a better and safer alternative to other existing drugs. No vel and emerging treatment strategies can provide a solution for the incre asing drug resistance in the pathogens.
\n\nTrack 4-1 Antibiotic The rapy Track 4-2 Antiretroviral Combination Therapy Track 4-3 Immunotherapy Track 4-4 Gene Therapy
\n\nTrack 5 : STDs Prevention STDs are transmitted from a person to another through sexual contact or blood transfusions from an infected person or needle sharing\, or from mot her to infant during pregnancy\, labor and breastfeeding. STDs can be prev ented through vaccination\, screening and through promoting safer sexual b ehaviour\, early health-care seeking behavior\, prevention and care activi ties. Pregnant women affected with STD must take proper treatment to preve nt the vertical transmission of STD. Most STDs cannot be cured and leads t o infertility\, birth defects in infants\, co-infections\, opportunistic i nfections and many other health issues.
\n\nTrack 5-1 Effective Heal thcare Systems Track 5-2 Vaccination Track 5-3 Preconception care Track 5- 4 Prenatal Care
\n\nTrack 6 : Advanced Diagnostic Tools Diagnosis of STDs are done by serological assays\, amplification tech niques\, immunological diagnosis attains a accurate result of the diagnosi s. Point-of-care test enables rapid screening of Syphilis and allows treat ment without delay. Nucleic acid amplification tests monitor the infection trends and helps in the adaptation of treatment protocols. Drug-resistanc e test provides the provisions for identifying drug resistance in the STDs which aids in overcoming the resistance and provide a better treatment. F urther improvements in the diagnosis method can help in rapid and cost-eff ective method for screening of the disease.
\n\nTrack 6-1 Nucleic ac id Tests Track 6-2 Serological Assays Track 6-3 Amplification Techniques T rack 6-4 Immunological Diagnosis Track 6-5 Drug-Resistance Testing Track 6 -6 Point-of-Care Test
\n\nTrack 7 : Drug Development and Res earch Drug development and research is the development and invent ion of new drugs and improvement of existing drugs. Continuous progress in drug development and research field is necessary for invention of new dru gs and drug targets. Identification of the drug target is the basis of the drug development process\, this can be done through various computational approaches. Gene editing technology such as CRISPR seeks to eliminate the latent as well active HIV infection in the human which would be more effe ctive in the treatment of AIDS. Various viral inhibitors such as entry inh ibitors\, maturation inhibitors are designed to inhibit the replication of the virus inside the host cell.
\n\nTrack 7-1 New Drugs and Drug Ta rgets Track 7-2 Integrase Inhibitors Track 7-3 Entry Inhibitors Track 7-4 Maturation Inhibitors Track 7-5 Gene Editing
\n\nTrack 8 : V accines Development A highly effective method for controlling inf ectious diseases is vaccination\, it helps in prevention of high risk heal th issues. Prophylactic vaccines are those used for prevention while thera peutic vaccines are used for treatment of the specific disease. Sexually t ransmitted diseases are spread by pathogens such as bacteria\, virus\, fun gi and protozoa. Many viral STDs doesn'\;t have cure hence preventing t he infection through vaccination is a best method. Vaccines are developed for Hepatitis and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and for HIV and Her pes virus vaccines are being developed. Vaccination is the primary solutio n for eradication of sexually transmitted diseases in human.
\n\nTra ck 8-1 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Track 8-2 Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Track 8-3 Therapeutic Vaccines Track 8-4 Advancements in Vaccine Technology Trac k 8-5 HIV and Genital herpes Vaccine Development
\n\nTrack 9 : Nanotechnology in HIV Treatment Nanotechnology is the science and engineering of structures that are 1&ndash\;100 nm in size. Nanomedici ne is a branch of medicine which is employed in preventive\, diagnostic an d therapeutic purposes. Using nanoparticles\, effective timely release of drugs to the infected areas/organs are possible which improves specificity of drug action. HIV/AIDS patients face a major problem where the virus re sides in latent reservoirs makes it hard to reach for drugs. Nanoparticles has the ability to travel through the body with less interruption which a ids in effective release of drugs at HIV virus reservoirs at the specific target. Therapeutic nanoparticles have higher specificity for the drug tar gets which enhances the treatment efficiency and better cure for the affec ted individual.
\n\nTrack 9-1 Drug Delivery System Track 9-2 Drug Na nosuspension Track 9-3 Therapeutic Nanomaterials Track 9-4 Nanoparticle Ba sed Vaccines
\n\nTrack 10 : Phytochemicals in STDs Treatment Plants contain a wide range of substances that are used for trea ting chronic as well as acute infectious diseases. Many modern drugs in us e have been developed from the medicinal plants which has been used by ind igenous people. Phytochemicals are chemicals secreted by plants that have disease preventive properties that is used by the plants to protect itself from diseases. Antimicrobial activity of the plant sources can act as a b etter drug for the strains that has developed multiple drug resistance to antibiotics. Many bacterial STDs can be combated using phytochemicals prod uced by the medicinal plants. Pharmacological effects of the bio active co mpounds in the plants must be explored to produce a cure for the multiple drug resistant bacterial STDs.
\n\nTrack 10-1 Antimicrobial Effect o f Phytochemicals Track 10-2 Phytoconstituents and its Effects on STDs Trac k 10-3 Novel Therapeutic Drugs Track 10-4 Multi-Drug Resistance and Phytoc hemical Drugs
\n\nTrack 11 : Drug Resistance and Mutation The infectious pathogens mutate under certain circumstances to over come the pressure inflicted upon them. Such organisms develop resistance t o the drug in use. This proves to be a major problem in the treatment of s exually transmitted diseases. Human immunodeficiency virus has developed r esistance to the antiretroviral drug provided. Hence combination antiretro viral therapies are used for treating AIDS which involves using two or mor e antiretroviral drugs together. Several bacterial species have also devel oped resistance to the antibiotics provided for the treatment. The mutatio n of the pathogens has led to development of drug resistance against many antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs.
\n\nTrack 11-1 Nucleoside Reve rse Transcriptase Inhibitors Resistance Track 11-2 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Resistance Track 11-3 Protease Inhibitors Resista nce Track 11-4 Antibiotic Resistance Track 11-5 Antiviral Drug Resistance< /p>\n\n
Track 12 : STDs and Cancer Sexually transmitted disease increases the risk of being affected by cancer. Among the STDs wh ich lead to cancer\, human papillomavirus infection is found to cause cerv ical cancer in women and penile cancer in men. It is also responsible for the development of oropharyngeal cancer in both sexes. Untreated STDs has a higher risk for leading to development of cancer. The progression of can cer in people affected by STD must be analyzed to understand the causative agents of the cancer.
\n\nTrack 12-1 Oropharyngeal Cancer Track 12- 2 Cervical Cancer Track 12-3 Penile Cancer Track 12-4 Prostate Cancer
\ n\nTrack 13 : Co-Infection of STDs Gonorrhoea\, chlamy dia\, and trichomoniasis cause immune reactions which leads to inflammatio n that can easily be infected with HIV. Co-infection is a condition where a person actively infected with STD is infected with another STD. when a S TI infected individual is prone to another infection due to immune comprom ise they are less able to mount a protective response against sexually tra nsmitted pathogens. Treating co-infected individuals can be challenging an d the treatment methods must be analyzed and modified to their needs.
\ n\nTrack 13-1 HIV and Gonorrhoea Track 13-2 HIV and Hepatitis Track 13- 3 HIV and Kidney disease Track 13-4 HIV and Tuberculosis
\n\nTrack 14 : Infertility and Birth Defects When an STD infection i s left untreated in women\, it may be lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. Being affected by pelvic inflammatory disease may lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy in pregnant women. When the mother is infected by STD\, the fetus or new born is mostly infected. STDs during pregnancy can lead t o miscarriage\, birth defects including blindness\, deafness\, bone deform ities\, and intellectual disability\, stillbirth\, premature birth. In mal es\, reduced fertility or infertility is most common side effect of the di sease.
\n\nTrack 14-1 Ectopic Pregnancy Track 14-2 Premature Birth T rack 14-3 Neonatal Sepsis Track 14-4 Neurological Defects
\n\nTrack 15-1 Perinatal Tr ansmission Track 15-2 Postnatal Transmission Track 15-3 Prevention of STD Transmission Track 15-4 Pregnancy Care and Treatment
\n\nTra ck 16 : Paediatric STDs Sexually transmitted diseases are an impo rtant cause of morbidity in paediatric patients. The transmission occurs v ia transplacental\, intrapartum\, and postpartum exposure. When an infant contracts disease from mother\, it can affect the skin\, eyes\, mouth\, ce ntral nervous system\, and can also lead to organ failure. With treatment\ , the chances of transmitting HIV from mother to infant is low. Proper awa reness\, treatment and diagnosis is needed to prevent the transmission of STDs among young people.
\n\nTrack 16-1 Clinical Manifestation Track 16-2 Early Diagnosis Track 16-3 Risk Factors Track 16-4 Preventive Measur es
\n\nTrack 17 : Multimorbidities and Complications Multimorbidities are the presence of two or more chronic diseases at the same time. Super infection or re-infection is the condition where a perso n with HIV infection acquires infection with the sub-type of HIV. Re-infec tion affects the treatment which can deteriorate the health of the affecte d individual. The STD affected individual suffers from other social and em otional complications which may also have adverse effects in the health of the individual. Multiple morbidities associated with the disease causes m ore damage to the health as the immune system would be compromised by the STD.
\n\nTrack 17-1 Opportunistic Infection Track 17-2 Superinfectio n/Reinfection Track 17-3 Behavioral Complications Track 17-4 Social Compli cations
\n\nTrack 18 : Public Awareness and Knowledge of STD s Educational and awareness programs must be conducted to improve the public knowledge about the sexually transmitted diseases. People affe cted by sexually transmitted diseases have dramatically increased\, millio ns of people are affected by the disease due to lack of awareness. Public must be aware about the impact of STDs on the lives of the affected people and the importance of preventing\, screening and treating STDs. Poor know ledge about the STDs lead to increased health issues such as ectopic pregn ancies\, infertility and other complications. It is a major health issue t hat affects mostly young people\, not only in developing countries but in developed countries also.
\n\nTrack 18-1 Impact of STDs Track 18-2 S TD Screening Track 18-3 Risk Awareness Track 18-4 Prevention Education Tra ck 18-5 Community Awareness
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